This paper focuses on handling dynamic grouping maintenance planning problem for the aircraft with multiple fatigue structures, which has been widely studied due to expensive replacement of machinery as well as the high costs of downtime. A dynamic grouping maintenance planning optimization model concentrated on both minimizing the maintenance cost and maximizing the availability of the aircraft and constrained by the maintenance resource is established for the multiple fatigue structures through taking into consideration of the economic dependence among the structures. Then, in terms of the harsh and changing working condition, a dynamic grouping optimization method is further proposed based on the rolling-horizon model. The maintenance decision horizon is rolled and the maintenance plan is self-adaptive when new real-time status is available or the maintenance plan is executed, in order to minimize the affects caused by the uncertainty of structure damage.