This paper studies the problem of unknown external disturbances, model parameter uncertainty, and saving the energy consumption of the controller transmission network of multiple AUVs formation control, and proposes an anti-disturbance fixed-time relative threshold event-triggered formation control method. First of all, an adaptive fixed-time integrated sliding mode interference observer(AFISMDO) is presented, which is used to estimate the compound disturbance of the system in a fixed time. Based on the designed AFISMDO, a nonlinear filter is introduced into the backstepping algorithm to solve the problem of a large amount of calculation caused by multiple differential derivations in the design of a backstepping method. Then, in order to save network transmission resources and reduce controller energy consumption, the relative threshold event-triggered mechanism is introduced into the formation control of multiple AUVs, combined with the concept of virtual trajectory, and a fixed-time distributed formation control method is designed. The presented controller makes the closed-loop system converge in a fixed time, and the system convergence time only depends on the controller design parameters, and the Zeno phenomenon is excluded through theoretical derivation. Finally, the simulation experiment results show that the designed controller is reasonable and effective.