The multi-phase allocation and scheduling of emergency relief supplies are a difficult problem in disaster emergency decision-making. Firsely,the triangular fuzzy number is used to describe the uncertainty of the material requirement of dispatch points, and the historical link-travel time function is used to characterize the dynamic of the traffic network, based on which the model of the dynamic multi-phase allocation and scheduling of emergency relief supplies is presented. Then, ant colony optimization is adopted to search for the travel time matrix of each reserve point to each dispatch point, and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted to search for the allocation scheme of emergency relief supplies. On the basis of the above methods, the integration optimization algorithm for the dynamic multi-phase allocation and scheduling of emergency relief supplies and the corresponding strategy for encoding repairs are developed. Finally, the validity of the proposed model and algorithm is verified by simulation experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can provide decision makers with a variety of different preferences and choices which are suitable for emergency scenarios.