Autonomous coordination is the key to the effectiveness of unmanned swarm. Aiming at the issue of ammunition allocation in autonomous coordination of UAV swarm, a method of ammunition allocation based on the evolutionary game model of public goods is proposed. Firstly, we refine the autonomous demand for UAV swarm ammunition distribution, and combine the unity of opposites in resource allocation among multiple agents to establish a public goods game model for UAV swarm ammunition distribution, on this basis, we theoretically derive the model’s cooperation strategy dominant conditions. Then, through simulation experiments, the influence of various parameters on swarm autonomous coordination and ammunition allocation efficiency is studied. Finally, based on theoretical derivation and simulation results, a reasonable suggestion for the allocation of UAV swarm ammunition is given.