With the growing attention to the sustainability, the environmentally friendly electric vehicles gradually occupy a major position in logistics distribution. However, due to the limited travel distance, the electric vehicles need to visit recharging stations. In real life, the uncertainty of electricity consumption affects the location of charging stations. Therefore, this paper studies the electric location routing problem with time windows under energy consumption uncertainty. The mathematical model of the problem is given in combination with robust optimization theory. To solve large-scale computing instances, this paper constructs an algorithm as well as several new neighborhoods based on the adaptive large-neighborhood algorithm. Computational experiments show that the model proposed in this paper performs well and is suitable for real life.