This paper addresses a distributed fuzzy-adaptive quantized formation control algorithm of multiple under-actuated unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) subject to model uncertainty, parameter perturbation and input quantization under complex marine environment. Specifically, at the kinematic level, an extended-state-observer-based (ESO) distributed guidance law is developed to track a time-varying trajectory where the ESO is adopted to estimate the unavailable velocity of neighboring USVs and compensate for the kinematic offset caused by ocean current. At the kinetic level, by using a linear analytical model to describe the quantization process and fuzzy logic system to identify the unknown kinetics, a fuzzy-adaptive quantized control law is developed where no information on the parameters of quantizers is required. The stability of the closed-loop control system is proven on the basis of input-to-state stability. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.