Aiming at the correlation analysis between the sample behavior matrices of panel data, a gray point set correlation analysis model based on panel data is proposed from the perspective of proximity. First, the binary index submatrix of the sample behavior matrix is projected into the point set in space, and the absolute deviation matrix of the corresponding point set is established by using the height difference of the corresponding point. Based on the average value and standard deviation of the data in this matrix, the correlation coefficients of the absolute deviation mean value and absolute deviation standard deviation of the corresponding point set are established respectively. Based on this, the grey point set association analysis model is constructed. Then, the properties of the model such as normalization, proximity, positive definiteness, and symmetry are discussed. Comparative analysis shows that the model is not only unaffected by index ranking, but also can perceive the changes of data gaps between sample behavior matrices and effectively reflect their proximity. Finally, the grey point set correlation analysis model is used to quantitatively evaluate the air quality of four cities in central Henan, and based on this, the correlation clustering of four cities in central Henan is carried out, dividing them into three types of pollution areas, in order to provide theoretical support for the regional division of air pollution joint prevention and control in central Henan.