With the large scale development of electric vehicles, the transportation network and the power network have achieved a deep coupling via the charging and battery - swapping network. The collaborative planning and operation optimization of these two networks are crucial for ensuring urban energy security and enhancing transportation efficiency. However, the waste of resources resulting from independent planning of the two networks, the grid load fluctuations caused by disorderly charging and discharging, and the multi - agent collaboration problem in the context of dynamic coupling all impose constraints on the overall efficiency of the system. This paper systematically reviews the current research status of the transportation - power coupling network. In the aspect of collaborative planning, it summarizes the technical paths and applicable scenarios of the existing methods from three dimensions: the site selection and scale optimization of charging stations, the joint planning of charging stations and distribution systems, and the deployment of distributed charging stations for renewable energy. In terms of operation optimization, the basic models of the transportation network and the power network are constructed separately at first. Then, based on the strength of the coupling relationship between the two networks, the collaborative operation optimization models of the coupling networks are established respectively, and the optimization objectives and solution algorithms under different coupling intensities are analyzed. Finally, the problems existing in the current research are summarized. First, the dynamic bidirectional coupling of the two networks is overlooked; second, the coupling characteristics of multiple time scales are neglected; third, the modeling of emerging high-quality transportation elements is inadequate. In response to the above problems, future research directions are proposed.□